Myanmar held a general election on 8 November 2020, which the incumbent National League for Democracy party led by Aung San Suu Kyi won in another landslide, following on from their victory in the 2015 election. Some of the minorities share Theravada Buddhism with the Burmese majority, though there are also substantial communities of Muslims, Hindus, Christians and animists. Other ethnic groups with significant numbers include Pa-O, Wa, Kokang, Palaung, Akha, and Lahu. Other main groups include the Nagas, who live in north Burma and are estimated to number more than 100,000, constituting another complex family of Tibetan-Burmese language subgroups. The main ethnic groups living in the seven ethnic minority states of Burma are the Karen, Shan, Mon, Chin, Kachin, Rakhine and Karenni. Minority ethnic communities are estimated to make up at least one-third of the country’s total population and to inhabit half the land area. Burma’s geographic position has resulted in the country attracting settlers from many different backgrounds throughout its long history. More than 100 languages are spoken in Burma, mainly from the Tibetan-Burmese language families, but also with a significant number of languages from the Tai-Kadai, Hmong-Mien and Austroasiatic groups. It is nevertheless undoubtedly a country of enormous ethnic diversity, containing officially 135 major ethnic groups and seven ethnic minority states, in addition to seven divisions populated mainly by the Burmese majority (also known as Bamar). Populations from certain northern zones of Rakhine State, home to the Rohingya minority, and some villages in the states of Kachin and Kayin were not counted. It was the first census in over 30 years, and fell short of estimates of 60 million. Main languages: Burmese (official language), Shan, Karen, Rakhine, Chin, Kachin, Mon, Chinese, etc.Īccording to the 2014 government census, Myanmar has a population of more than 51.4 million. Main religions: Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Animism Main minorities and indigenous communities: Shan 9 per cent, Karen 7 per cent, Rakhine 4 per cent, Chinese 3 per cent, Indian 2 per cent, Mon 2 per cent, others 5 per cent (2016).
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